Centralized exchanges and wallets should take the lead in using Account abstraction

Currently, when centralized exchanges and wallets process user tokens, the usual practices are as follows:

What is JWT

JSON Web Token (JWT) is an open standard (RFC 7519) that defines a compact and self-contained way for securely transmitting information between parties as a JSON object. This information can be verified and trusted because it is digitally signed. JWTs can be signed using a secret (with the HMAC algorithm) or a public/private key pair using RSA or ECDSA.

The transaction fee of uniswap is derived from the identity of x * y = K. In a specific transaction scenario, such as a loopback transaction, our transaction cost can be far lower than the rated fee.

What is a loopback transaction

The loopback transaction is a transaction in a transaction pair tokenA/tokenB, first exchange tokenA to get tokenB, and then immediately exchange the obtained tokenB back to tokenA.

The standard rate of uniswap v2 is 0.3%, then the cost of loopback transaction is 0.6%, this cost is quite high. If we are just to brush the transaction volume, we need an effective way to reduce Handling fees, loopback transactions are a very effective way.

libuv 与 TCP Keepalive

关于 keepalive

这里的keepalive与HTTP的keepalive不同，这里的keepalive是TCP层的keepalive，用处是当两台机器之间通信时，中间网络出现故障，这时，两端并无法感知网络故障这个事件，无法及时发现网络故障。

HTTP的keepalive是指，一个请求在请求头部增加一个keep alive的行，这时，服务端传输完成后，不会关闭这个TCP连接，还可以继续下次HTTP请求，提高了效率。

Linux内核关于TCP keepalive的说明在这里： http://tldp.org/HOWTO/TCP-Keepalive-HOWTO/usingkeepalive.html